Bernard Lugan

Bernard Jean René Lugan (born 10 May 1946) is a French historian who specialises in African history. He is a professor at the Institut des hautes études de défense nationale (IHEDN) and the editor of the journal L'Afrique réelle. Lugan previously taught at Jean Moulin University Lyon 3 and at the special military school of Saint-Cyr until 2015 when he was dismissed for his positions leaning towards the far right. He served as an expert witness for Hutu defendants involved in the Rwandan genocide at the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda. Close to the far-right, Lugan is a self-declared monarchist and right-wing anarchist.